Flying machine



FIP8301 May 19;]925. v F. SCHUH FLYING MACHINE F1191! NOV-" 19, 1923 Z44. ALHUNAU I IUB FRANZ SCHUH, 0F VIENNA, AUSTRIA.

FLYING MACHINE.

Application filed November 19, 1923.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, FRANZ SoHUH, a citizen of the Republic of Austria, residing at Vienna, in the Republic of Austria, have in vented certain new and useful Improvements in Flying Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to flying machines of the kind having supporting planes adjustable around a horizontal axis.

The invention is distinguished from the arrangements hitherto known by the characteristic feature that the tractive effort of the motor is applied at the gravity centre of the system located outside of the plane of the supporting surface. Moreover a plurality of steering or rudder surfaces are arranged in connection with the adjustable supporting plane. These steering or rudder surfaces are pivotally connected with the framework and serve to compensate the torque produced by the combined action of the air pressure and the gravitational force or the tractive effort respectively during gliding flight or flight with traction by a motor.

The invention is diagrammatically illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which Fig. 1 shows a diagram showing the operating forces in a flying machine constructed according to this invention.

In Figs. 2-4 is shown by way of example one constructional embodiment of the invention, Fig. 2 showing a front view, as seen in the direction of the arrow I in Fig. 4, Fig. 3 being a section along line II-II of Fig. 4: and Fig. 4 showing a top view of the flying machine part of the supporting plane being shown as broken away for the sake of better illustration. Fig. 5 shows a modification of the construction illustrated in Figs. 2 to 4 in which the machine is provided with two motors and has a car or well suspension in which the said car or well for the assengers and the pilot is hinged so as to al low free oscillations in the geometrical centre of the supporting planes.

As will be seen from Fig. 1 the centre of a gravity a of the whole mass is located outside of the plane of the supporting surface 0. A vertical line drawn through said gravity centre will pass by the geometrical centre of the surface. When the apparatus is falling vertically the said vertical line is as with a parachute exactly at a right angle with the Serial No. 675,662.

plane of the surface 0; when the machine is gliding the angle between said line and the surface may have any value. During flight the angle between the supporting plane 0 and the direction of the movement is an acute one.

The supporting plane is in its geometrical centre pivotally connected by means of a horizontal axis 2 (Fig. 2) with the carriage and a vertical line through the gravity centre will therefore be inclined at an angle corresponding to the translatory movement with respect to the plane a.

The operation or rocking of the plane around its centre may be effected from the pilots seat by connecting links in some manner well known in the art.

In the event of the plane 0 being rigidly connected with the carriage the desired angle between the vertical line through the gravity centre and the plane '0 is obtained by placing the centre of gravity on the carriage in such a manner that it leaves the geometrical centre of the plane 0 and is located either behind or ahead of it.

The steering or rudder planes j are also pivotally connected with the carriage.

The motive power I) which acts at the gravity centre (1/. located outside of the plane of the surface 0 or at any other point of the vertical drawn through said centre of gravity causes the pressure exerted by means of the surface 0 on the air in the centre of pressure of the supporting plane to produce a torque acting upwards and backwards in the sense of the arrow 2'. By means of the steering or rudder planes which are inclined downwards the above mentioned rotational backward action is influenced in a sense opposite to such action (viz, upward and forward) in the direction of the arrow 6 the interaction of the respective forces being reduced to the amount necessary for the flight in every direction or position of the machine.

According to the modifications shown in Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 5 the surface or plane 0 is moved by means of an intermediate transmission gear, which consists of the steering wheel 70, the toothed gearing Z, the axle m and of the disks n with endless wire 0, the latter being pivotally connected with the supporting plane 0. The twisting flaps g are equally operated. from the pilot seat 1'.

Likewise if the tractive force operates above the surface the action of the torque in the geometrical centre acting downward and backward is influenced in opposite sense by the upwardly inclined rudder plane.

What I claim is:

1. A flying machine having asupporting surface symmetrically formed on all sides and mounted to swing on a horizontal axis situated in the plane of the supporting surface at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the machine, a chassis suspended therefrom, the geometrical center of said supporting surface being also the point of suspension of the chassis, and said center lying in the said horizontal axis and in a vertical line passing through the center of gravity of the whole machine when in a condition to descend in a vertical line, horizontal rudder planes on the chassis, and pivotally consurface being also the point of suspension of the chassis and lying in a vertical line passing through the center of gravity of the whole flying machine when the latter is in a condition to descend in a vertical direction, whereas when the machine is in flight by means of the tractive force of the motor, the center of gravity shifts in front of the aforesaid vertical line, and in which line the tractive force of the motor is applied, but when the flying machine is gliding or sailing without the use of tractive force, the center of gravity recedes behind said vertical line and passes through the geometrical center of the supporting surface, and horizontal planes to balance the torque on the geometrical center,

said planes being linked on the chassis outside of the plane of the supporting surface.

3. A flying machine having a supporting surface symmetrically formed on all sides, a chassis suspended therefrom, the geometrical center of the supporting surface being also the point of suspension of the chassis, said geometrical center lying in a vertical line passing through the center of gravity of the whole flying machine when descending in a vertical direction without the use of tractive force, in which case the aforesaid vertical line includes a right angle with the horizontal supporting surface, means to rock the supporting surface on a horizontal axis containing the said geometrical center, and balancing planes supported horizontally to bal ance any torque on said center, said rudder planes linked on the chassis outside of the plane of the supporting surface and held in a horizontal position during the descent.

4. A flying machine having a plurality of supporting surfaces lying parallel to each other, each supporting surface symmetrically formed on all sides, said supporting surfaces capable of rocking as a whole on a horizontal axis situated between said supporting surfaces and containing a point in the line connecting the geometrical centers ofthe several supporting surfaces, through which point passes the vertical line containing the center of gravity, the flying machine being in a condition to descend vertically, and a chassis suspended from said planes, the point of suspension of the chassis lying in the line connecting the geometrical centers of the supporting surfaces.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

FRANZ SCHUH.

Witnesses N OIL WUNDERLING, Josnr WVUNDER. 

